vincent van gogh
- Vincent Willem van Gogh
(30 March 1853 – 29 July 1890) was a Dutch Post-Impressionist painter who is among the most famous and influential figures in the history of Western art. In just over a decade he created about 2,100 artworks, including around 860 oil paintings, most of them in the last two years of his life. They include landscapes, still lifes, portraits and self-portraits, and are characterised by bold colours and dramatic, impulsive and expressive brushwork that contributed to the foundations of modern art. His suicide at 37 followed years of mental illness and poverty.
Born into an upper-middle-class family, Van Gogh drew as a child and was serious, quiet and thoughtful. As a young man he worked as an art dealer, often travelling, but became depressed after he was transferred to London. He turned to religion, and spent time as a Protestant missionary in southern Belgium. He drifted in ill health and solitude before taking up painting in 1881, having moved back home with his parents. His younger brother Theo supported him financially, and the two kept up a long correspondence by letter. His early works, mostly still lifes and depictions of peasant labourers, contain few signs of the vivid colour that distinguished his later work. In 1886, he moved to Paris, where he met members of the avant-garde, including émile Bernard and Paul Gauguin, who were reacting against the Impressionist sensibility. As his work developed he created a new approach to still lifes and local landscapes. His paintings grew brighter in colour as he developed a style that became fully realised during his stay in Arles in the south of France in 1888. During this period he broadened his subject matter to include series of olive trees, wheat fields and sunflowers.
Van Gogh suffered from psychotic episodes and delusions and though he worried about his mental stability, he often neglected his physical health, did not eat properly and drank heavily. His friendship with Gauguin ended after a confrontation with a razor, when in a rage, he severed part of his own left ear. He spent time in psychiatric hospitals, including a period at Saint-Rémy. After he discharged himself and moved to the Auberge Ravoux in Auvers-sur-Oise near Paris, he came under the care of the homoeopathic doctor Paul Gachet. His depression continued and on 27 July 1890, Van Gogh shot himself in the chest with a revolver. He died from his injuries two days later.
Van Gogh was unsuccessful during his lifetime, and was considered a madman and a failure. He became famous after his suicide, and exists in the public imagination as the quintessential misunderstood genius, the artist "where discourses on madness and creativity converge".[6] His reputation began to grow in the early 20th century as elements of his painting style came to be incorporated by the Fauves and German Expressionists. He attained widespread critical, commercial and popular success over the ensuing decades, and is remembered as an important but tragic painter, whose troubled personality typifies the romantic ideal of the tortured artist.
Representative works----------------------------------
Sunflowers , repetition of the 4th version (yellow background), August 1889.[1] Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam
Wheatfield with Crows, 1890. Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam
Worn Out, pencil on watercolour paper, 1882. Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam
Still Life with Open Bible, Extinguished Candle and Novel also Still Life with Bible, 1885. Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam
Skull of a Skeleton with Burning Cigarette, 1885–86. Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam
Peasant Woman Digging, or Woman with a Spade, Seen from Behind, 1885. Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Portrait of Vincent van Gogh, 1887, pastel drawing, Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam
Le Moulin de Blute-Fin (1886) from the Le Moulin de la Galette and Montmartre series'. Bridgestone Museum of Art, Tokyo
Courtesan (after Eisen), 1887. Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam
Portrait of Père Tanguy, 1887. Musée Rodin, Paris
Flowering Plum Orchard (after Hiroshige), 1887. Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam
Still Life with Glass of Absinthe and a Carafe, 1887. Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam
The Sower with Setting Sun, 1888. Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam
Fishing Boats on the Beach at Saintes-Maries, June 1888. Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam
Bedroom in Arles, 1888. Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam
The Old Mill, 1888. Albright–Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo, New York
The Night Café, 1888. Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, Connecticut
The Red Vineyard, November 1888. Pushkin Museum, Moscow. Sold to Anna Boch, 1890
Van Gogh's Chair, 1888. National Gallery, London
Paul Gauguin's Armchair, 1888. Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam
Self-portrait with Bandaged Ear and Pipe, 1889, private collection
he Courtyard of the Hospital at Arles, 1889, Oskar Reinhart Collection "Am Römerholz", Winterthur, Switzerland
Self-portrait with Bandaged Ear, 1889, Courtauld Institute of Art, London
Portrait of Doctor Félix Rey
Ward in the Hospital in Arles, 1889, Oskar Reinhart Collection "Am Römerholz", Winterthur, Switzerland
The Starry Night, June 1889. Museum of Modern Art, New York
The Round of the Prisoners (after Doré), 1890. Pushkin Museum, Moscow
The Sower, (after Jean-François Millet), 1888. Kröller-Müller Museum, Otterlo
Two Peasant Women Digging in a Snow-Covered Field at Sunset, (after Jean-François Millet), 1890. Foundation E.G. Bührle Collection, Zurich, Switzerland
Sorrowing Old Man ('At Eternity's Gate'), 1890. Kröller-Müller Museum, Otterlo
The Church at Auvers, 1890. Musée d'Orsay, Paris
Starry Night Over the Rhone, 1888. Musée d'Orsay, Paris
Portrait of Artist's Mother, October 1888, Norton Simon Museum of Art, Pasadena, California
Still Life: Vase with Fourteen Sunflowers, August 1888. National Gallery, London
till Life: Vase with Irises Against a Yellow Background, May 1890, Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam
Irises, 1889. J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles
Wheat Field with Cypresses, 1889. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
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